The performance of industrial molds is closely related to the selected materials. Different processing techniques have different requirements for mold materials. Common mold materials include carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel, high-speed steel, and cemented carbide. Among them, materials such as Cr12, SKD11, and H13 are widely used in the manufacture of stamping dies, cold work dies, and hot work dies due to their high wear resistance and strength.
For injection molds, pre-hardened steels such as P20, 718, and NAK80 have good machinability and polishing properties, meeting the high precision requirements of plastic products. Die-casting molds typically use high-temperature resistant materials such as H13 to withstand long-term high-temperature working environments.
Besides the material itself, the heat treatment process is also an important factor determining mold performance. After quenching, tempering, and nitriding, the hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance of the mold are significantly improved. Enterprises should rationally select mold materials based on product structure, production volume, and operating environment to achieve the best balance between performance and cost.
